http://runa.sergas.gal:80/xmlui The RUNA digital repository system captures, stores, indexes, preserves, and distributes digital research material. 2026-04-18T04:05:22Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11940/23281 [ES] El marco de trabajo para la práctica de la terapia ocupacional (OTPF-4) constituye el principal referente conceptual para organizar el razonamiento y la intervención en la disciplina. Proporciona una estructura que permite analizar la participación a través de la relación entre persona, entorno y ocupación. Su uso facilita una comprensión sistemática del desempeño y orienta la práctica hacia la participación significativa de la vida cotidiana (AOTA, 2020).; [GLG] O marco de traballo para a práctica da terapia ocupacional (OTPF-4) constitúe o principal referente conceptual para organizar o razoamento e a intervención na disciplina. Proporciona unha estrutura que permite analizar a participación a través da relación entre persoa, contorna e ocupación. O seu uso facilita unha comprensión sistemática do desempeño e orienta a práctica cara á participación significativa na vida cotiá (AOTA, 2020). 2026-04-17T12:28:35Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11940/23261 [EN] Leptin is a hormone that is secreted by adipocytes in proportion to adipose tissue size, and that informs the brain about the energy status of the body. Leptin acts through its receptor LepRb, expressed mainly in the hypothalamus, and induces a negative energy balance by potent inhibition of feeding and activation of energy expenditure. These actions have led to huge expectations for the development of therapeutic targets for metabolic complications based on leptin-derived compounds. However, the majority of patients with obesity presents elevated leptin production, suggesting that in this setting leptin is ineffective in the regulation of energy balance. This resistance to the action of leptin in obesity has led to the development of "leptin sensitizers," which have been tested in preclinical studies. Much research has focused on generating combined treatments that act on multiple levels of the gastrointestinal-brain axis. The gastrointestinal-brain axis secretes a variety of different anorexigenic signals, such as uroguanylin, glucagon-like peptide-1, amylin, or cholecystokinin, which can alleviate the resistance to leptin action. Moreover, alternative mechanism such as pharmacokinetics, proteostasis, the role of specific kinases, chaperones, ER stress and neonatal feeding modifications are also implicated in leptin resistance. This review will cover the current knowledge regarding the interaction of leptin with different endocrine factors from the gastrointestinal-brain axis and other novel mechanisms that improve leptin sensitivity in obesity. 2026-04-10T09:03:29Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11940/23241 [EN] Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress response cytokine that has been proposed as a relevant metabolic hormone. Descriptive studies have shown that plasma GDF15 levels are regulated by short term changes in nutritional status, such as fasting, or in obesity. However, few data exist regarding how GDF15 levels are regulated in peripheral tissues. The aim of the present work was to study the variations on gastric levels of GDF15 and its precursor under different physiological conditions, such as short-term changes in nutritional status or overfeeding achieved by HFD. Moreover, we also address the sex- and age-dependent alterations in GDF15 physiology. The levels of gastric and plasma GDF15 and its precursor were measured in lean and obese mice, rats and humans by western blot, RT-PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and by an in vitro organ culture system. Our results show a robust regulation of gastric GDF15 production by fasting in rodents. In obesity an increase in GDF15 secretion from the stomach is reflected with an increase in circulating levels of GDF15 in rats and humans. Moreover, gastric GDF15 levels increase with age in both rats and humans. Finally, gastric GDF15 levels display sexual dimorphism, which could explain the difference in circulating GFD15 levels between males and females, observed in both humans and rodents. Our results provide clear evidence that gastric GDF15 is a critical contributor of circulating GDF15 levels and can explain some of the metabolic effects induced by GDF15. 2026-04-10T08:11:06Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11940/23221 Antecedentes/Objetivos: Esta revisión sistemática (RS) tuvo como objetivo analizar la existencia, características y efectividad de programas de prevención escolar, familiar y comunitaria en América Latina dirigidos al Uso Problemático de Internet (UPI), el juego problemático y la adicción a videojuegos. Método: La RS se desarrolló siguiendo las directrices PRISMA y fue registrado en PROSPERO. La búsqueda se llevó a cabo en octubre de 2024 en Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Dialnet y Redalyc. Se recibieron alertas mensuales hasta septiembre de 2025. Resultados: Los programas identificados son de ámbito escolar con un enfoque de promoción de hábitos de salud, abordando únicamente el tiempo de pantallas. No se han dentificado programas de prevención familiar y/o comunitaria. Programas como ACTIVITAL, Mexa-se y Fortaleça sua Saúde han mostrado ciertos logros en la reducción del tiempo frente a pantallas, aunque su impacto a largo plazo y sostenibilidad son limitados. Conclusiones: La falta de métodos de evaluación estandarizados dificulta la comparación y replicación de intervenciones en contextos sociales y culturales diversos. Se subraya la necesidad de estrategias integrales, culturalmente adaptadas y multicomponentes que incluyan a escuelas, familias y comunidades para reducir la creciente prevalencia de estas adicciones comportamentales en América Latina.; Background/Aim: This systematic review (SR) aimed to analyze the existence, characteristics, and effectiveness of school, family, and community prevention programs in Latin America targeting Problematic Internet Use (PIU), problematic gambling, and video game addiction. Method: The SR was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. The search was carried out in October 2024 in Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Dialnet, and Redalyc. Monthly alerts were received until September 2025. Results: The identified programs are school-based with a focus on promoting healthy habits and addressing screen time exclusively. No family and/or community prevention programs have been identified. Programs such as ACTIVITAL, Mexa-se, and Fortaleça sua Saúde have shown some success in reducing screen time, although their long-term impact and sustainability are limited. Conclusions: The lack of standardized evaluation methods hinders the comparison and replication of interventions in diverse cultural and social contexts. The need for comprehensive, culturally adapted, and multicomponent strategies involving schools, families, and communities is emphasized to reduce the increasing prevalence of these behavioral addictions in Latin America.; Antecedentes/Obxectivos: Esta revisión sistemática (RS) tivo como obxectivo analizar a existencia, características e efectividade de programas de prevención escolar, familiar e comunitaria en América Latina dirixidos ao Uso Problemático da internet, o xogo problemático e a adicción a videoxogos. Método: A RS desenvolveuse seguindo as directrices PRISMA e foi rexistrado en PROSPERO. A procura levou a cabo en outubro de 2024 en Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Scielo, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, Dialnet e Redalyc. Recibíronse alertas mensuais ata setembro de 2025. Resultados: Os programas identificados son de ámbito escolar cun enfoque de promoción de hábitos de saúde, abordando unicamente o tempo de pantallas. Non se han dentificado programas de prevención familiar e/o comunitaria. Programas como ACTIVITAL, Mexa-se e Fortaleça sua Saúde mostraron certos logros na redución do tempo fronte a pantallas, aínda que o seu impacto a longo prazo e sustentabilidade son limitados. Conclusións: A falta de métodos de avaliación estandarizados dificulta a comparación e replicación de intervencións en contextos sociais e culturais diversos. Sublíñase a necesidade de estratexias integrais, culturalmente adaptadas e multicomponentes que inclúan a escolas, familias e comunidades para reducir a crecente prevalencia destas adiccións comportamentales en América Latina. 2026-04-09T06:35:15Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11940/23211 [GLG] Entre 2018 e 2024 notificáronse en Galicia 81 casos de paludismo, todos importados, cunha incidencia inferior á media estatal. A maioría afectaron a homes novos procedentes de África, principalmente por viaxes laborais ou vacacionais, e cun uso moi limitado de quimioprofilaxe. Plasmodium falciparum foi a especie predominante. A presenza en Galicia de vectores competentes é moi baixa, polo que o risco de transmisión autóctona considérase mínimo. Destácase a importancia da detección precoz, do manexo axeitado dos casos e da consulta previa ao viaxeiro. 2026-04-08T18:22:57Z