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Indian signatures in the westernmost edge of the European Romani diaspora: new insight from mitogenomes
dc.contributor.author | Gómez Carballa, Alberto | |
dc.contributor.author | Pardo Seco, Jacobo José | |
dc.contributor.author | Fachal Vilar, Laura | |
dc.contributor.author | Vega Gliemmo, Ana | |
dc.contributor.author | Cebey López, Miriam | |
dc.contributor.author | Martinon Torres, Nazareth | |
dc.contributor.author | Martinón Torres, Federico | |
dc.contributor.author | Salas Ellacuriaga, Antonio | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-06-07T07:02:45Z | |
dc.date.available | 2017-06-07T07:02:45Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2013 | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1932-6203 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11940/2002 | |
dc.description.abstract | In agreement with historical documentation, several genetic studies have revealed ancestral links between the European Romani and India. The entire mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 27 Spanish Romani was sequenced in order to shed further light on the origins of this population. The data were analyzed together with a large published dataset (mainly hypervariable region I [HVS-I] haplotypes) of Romani (N=1,353) and non-Romani worldwide populations (N>150,000). Analysis of mitogenomes allowed the characterization of various Romani-specific clades. M5a1b1a1 is the most distinctive European Romani haplogroup; it is present in all Romani groups at variable frequencies (with only sporadic findings in non-Romani) and represents 18% of their mtDNA pool. Its phylogeographic features indicate that M5a1b1a1 originated 1.5 thousand years ago (kya; 95% CI: 1.3-1.8) in a proto-Romani population living in Northwest India. U3 represents the most characteristic Romani haplogroup of European/Near Eastern origin (12.4%); it appears at dissimilar frequencies across the continent (Iberia: ≈ 31%; Eastern/Central Europe: ≈ 13%). All U3 mitogenomes of our Iberian Romani sample fall within a new sub-clade, U3b1c, which can be dated to 0.5 kya (95% CI: 0.3-0.7); therefore, signaling a lower bound for the founder event that followed admixture in Europe/Near East. Other minor European/Near Eastern haplogroups (e.g. H24, H88a) were also assimilated into the Romani by introgression with neighboring populations during their diaspora into Europe; yet some show a differentiation from the phylogenetically closest non-Romani counterpart. The phylogeny of Romani mitogenomes shows clear signatures of low effective population sizes and founder effects. Overall, these results are in good agreement with historical documentation, suggesting that cultural identity and relative isolation have allowed the Romani to preserve a distinctive mtDNA heritage, with some features linking them unequivocally to their ancestral Indian homeland. | |
dc.description.sponsorship | Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación | |
dc.description.sponsorship | Xunta de Galicia, Plan Galego IDT | |
dc.description.sponsorship | Instituto Carlos III | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.rights | Atribución 4.0 Internacional | |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
dc.subject.mesh | DNA, Mitochondrial | |
dc.subject.mesh | European Continental Ancestry Group | |
dc.subject.mesh | Genome, Mitochondrial | |
dc.subject.mesh | Phylogeography | |
dc.subject.mesh | Phylogeny | |
dc.subject.mesh | Filogenia | |
dc.title | Indian signatures in the westernmost edge of the European Romani diaspora: new insight from mitogenomes | |
dc.type | Artigo | es |
dc.authorsophos | Gómez-Carballa, A. | |
dc.authorsophos | Pardo-Seco, J. | |
dc.authorsophos | Fachal, L. | |
dc.authorsophos | Vega, A. | |
dc.authorsophos | Cebey, M. | |
dc.authorsophos | Martinón-Torres, N. | |
dc.authorsophos | Martinón-Torres, F. | |
dc.authorsophos | Salas, A. | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1371/journal.pone.0075397 | |
dc.identifier.isi | 325894100004 | |
dc.identifier.pmid | 24143169 | |
dc.identifier.sophos | 12501 | |
dc.issue.number | 10 | |
dc.journal.title | PLoS One | |
dc.organization | Consellería de Sanidade::Fundación pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica | |
dc.organization | Servizo Galego de Saúde::Estrutura de Xestión Integrada (EOXI)::EOXI de Santiago - Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago::Pediatría | |
dc.organization | Servizo Galego de Saúde::Estrutura de Xestión Integrada (EOXI)::EOXI de Santiago::IDIS.- Instituto de investigaciones sanitarias de Santiago | |
dc.page.initial | e75397 | |
dc.relation.projectID | Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/ (SAF 2008-0297) | |
dc.relation.projectID | Xunta de Galicia, Plan Galego IDT/EM 2012/045) | |
dc.relation.projectID | Xunta de Galicia, Consellería de Sanidade/(RHI07/2-intensificación actividad investigadora and 10PXIB918184PR) | |
dc.relation.projectID | Instituto Carlos III (intensificación de la actividad investigadora) | |
dc.relation.projectID | Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS; PI070069 and PI1000540) | |
dc.relation.projectID | I+D+I and FEDER (F.M.T.) | |
dc.rights.accessRights | openAccess | |
dc.subject.decs | ADN Mitocondrial | |
dc.subject.decs | Grupo de Ascendencia Continental Europea | |
dc.subject.decs | Genoma Mitocondrial | |
dc.subject.decs | Filogeografía | |
dc.typesophos | Artículo Original | |
dc.volume.number | 8 |