Myocardium Metabolism in Physiological and Pathophysiological States: Implications of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Identificadores
Identificadores
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11940/16504
PMID: 32290181
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072641
ISSN: 1661-6596
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Visualización o descarga de ficheros
Fecha de publicación
2020Título de revista
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Tipo de contenido
Journal Article
DeCS
animales | redes y vías metabólicas | humanos | corazón | tejido adiposo | fenómenos electrofisiológicos | hormonas | enfermedades cardíacas | pericardio | terapia molecular selectiva | susceptibilidad a enfermedades | miocardioMeSH
Pericardium | Adipose Tissue | Metabolic Networks and Pathways | Heart Diseases | Humans | Disease Susceptibility | Hormones | Animals | Myocardium | Heart | Molecular Targeted Therapy | Electrophysiological PhenomenaResumen
The main energy substrate of adult cardiomyocytes for their contractility are the fatty acids. Its metabolism generates high ATP levels at the expense of high oxygen consumption in the mitochondria. Under low oxygen supply, they can get energy from other substrates, mainly glucose, lactate, ketone bodies, etc., but the mitochondrial dysfunction, in pathological conditions, reduces the oxidative metabolism. In consequence, fatty acids are stored into epicardial fat and its accumulation provokes inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress, which enhance the myocardium dysfunction. Some therapies focused on improvement the fatty acids entry into mitochondria have failed to demonstrate benefits on cardiovascular disorders. Oppositely, those therapies with effects on epicardial fat volume and inflammation might improve the oxidative metabolism of myocardium and might reduce the cardiovascular disease progression. This review aims at explain (a) the energy substrate adaptation of myocardium in physiological conditions, (b) the reduction of oxidative metabolism in pathological conditions and consequences on epicardial fat accumulation and insulin resistance, and (c) the reduction of cardiovascular outcomes after regulation by some therapies.